1. Why does a cell shrink when placed in a saline solution?
(a) The cytoplasm is broken down
(b) Mineral salt will break the cell wall
(c) Water comes out from the cell by osmosis
(d) Water comes out from the cell by exosmosis
Ans. (c) Water comes out from the cell by osmosis
Explanation- Cells shrink as the cytoplasm will decompose when placed in a salt solution. Mineral salts will break the cell wall, causing the cells to shrink. Saltwater enters the cell and breaks the cell. Water comes out of the cell by osmosis, causing it to shrink.
2. When a cell is placed in this solution it shrinks.
(a) Hypertonic solutions
(b) Hypotonic solution
(c) Isotonic solutions
(d) Saturated solutions
Ans. (a) Hypertonic solutions
Explanation- If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, water will leave the cell, and the cell will shrink.
3. Which of the following is present in the green pigment of the leaf?
(a) Mg
(b) P
(c) Fe
(d) Ca
Ans. (a) Mg
The explanation-Green pigment of the leaf is called chlorophyll. It has magnesium involved in the structure.
4. Which of the following structures in a plant is responsible for transpiration?
(a) Xylem
(b) Root
(c) Stomata
(d) Bark
Ans. (c) Stomata
Explanation- It is a process in which excess water is lost in the form of vapours from the aerial parts of the plant. Mainly through the stomates of leaves.
5. Does plant cooling occur due to?
(a) Transpiration
(b) Guttation
(c) Photorespiration
(d) Assimilation
Ans. (a) Transpiration
Explanation- Plant cooling is caused by transpiration and is similar to sweating occurring in humans after the fever begins to decrease. This sets the natural body temperature.
6. The instrument for measuring the rate of transpiration?
(a) Pyrometer
(b) Hygrometer
(c) Potometer
(d) Psychrometer
Ans. (c) Photometer
Explanation- The instrument used for measuring the rate of transpiration is called a Photometer.
7. Name the gas which is important for photosynthesis.
(a) Oxygen
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Carbon Monoxide
Ans.(b) Carbon dioxide
Explanation- photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that takes place inside a plant, producing food for the plant to survive.
8. Which of the following is not a plant hormone?
(a) Gibberellic
(b) Auxins
(c) Cytokines
(d) Thyroxine
Ans. (d) Thyroxin
Explanation- Thyroxin is the main hormone secreted into the bloodstream by the thyroid gland. It plays vital roles in digestion, heart and muscle function, and the brain.
9. Leaves are green because they…
(a) Absorb green light
(b) They do not absorb green light but reflect it
(c) They use green light
(d) Absorb and reflect green light
Ans. (b) Do not absorb but reflect green light
Explanation- Leaves are green because they have chlorophyll in chloroplasts which absorb red and blue light but reflect green light.
10. Plants purify the air by which process?
(a) Desiccation
(b) Respiration
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Transpiration
Ans. (c) Photosynthesis
Explanation- During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is reduced into carbohydrates, and oxygen is liberated, i.e., plants purify the air by the process of photosynthesis.
11. Why is low temperature maintained for preservation?
(a) For easy digestion
(b) For easy cooking
(c) Bacterial attacks will be minimized
(d) All of these
Ans. (c) Bacterial attacks will be minimized
Explanation-Low temperatures are employed to stop chemical reactions and the action of enzymes in food and to stop or slow the development and activities of microorganisms found in food items.
12. The instrument used to measure the growth rate of plants?
(a) Potometer
(b) Auxanometer
(c) Hydrometer
(d) Osmometer
Ans. (b) Auxanometer
Explanation- An auxanometer is an apparatus for measuring the increase of growth in plants.
13. What are Auxins?
(a) Growth catalyzer
(b) Growth destroyer
(c) Growth inhibitor
(d) Growth hormones
Ans. (d) Growth hormones
Explanation- Auxins are growth hormones produced by plants.
14. What is the fruit ripening hormone?
(a) Thyroxin
(b) Collagen
(c) Ethylene
(d) Kinetin
Ans. (c) Ethylene
Explanation- Ethylene is a gas and is known as the “fruit-ripening hormone.” Every fruit has a certain level of ethylene production throughout its lifecycle.
15. Where is the concentration of auxin the highest?
(a) In growing tips
(b) In leaves
(c) At the base of the plant
(d) In xylem and phylum
Ans. (a) In growing tips
Explanation- The highest concentration of auxin exists in the growing tips of plants, both in root and shoot meristems.
16. What is the type of movement that occurs during the opening and closing of a flower?
(a) Tactic movement
(b) Nastic movement
(c) Tropic movement
(d) Mutation
Ans. (b) Nastic movement
Explanation- The movement of the flowers during opening and closing is a type of nastic movement.
17. What are Photoperiodism effects?
(a) Fruiting
(b) Vegetative growth
(c) Flowering
(d) All of these
Ans. (c) Flowering
Explanation- Photoperiodism affects flowering by inducing the shoot to produce floral buds instead of leaves and lateral buds.
18. What is an example of positive geotropism?
(a) Lateral growth of root
(b) Upward growth of stem
(c) Downward growth of root
(d) Closing of flower
Ans. (d) Closing of flower
Explanation- The movement of roots towards the soil is an example of positive geotropism. The movement of plant stems away from the soil in the upward direction is an example of negative geotropism.
19. What is the role of Pneumatophores?
(a) Protect the plant from animals
(b) Get oxygen from respiration
(c) Support the plant in standing upright
(d) Help plants with pollination
Ans..(b) Get oxygen from respiration
Explanation- Pneumatophores, commonly found in mangrove species that grow in saline mud flats, are lateral roots that grow upward out of the mud and water to function as the site of oxygen intake for the submerged primary root system.
20. Which part of the plant helps in holding the plant firmly into the soil?
(a) Roots
(b) Fruit
(c) Stem
(d) Leaves
Ans. (a) Roots
Explanation- Roots of the plant help in holding the plant firmly into the soil.
21. Which of the following is not a root?
(a) Potato
(b) Carrot
(c) Sweat potato
(d) Radish
Ans. (a) Potato
Explanation – It is a stem vegetable. the potatoes grow on the underground stem, called stolons.
22. What is a plant bud?
(a) An Embryonic leaf
(b) Embryonic shoot
(c) Embryonic stem
(d) A seed
Ans. (b) Embryonic shoot
Explanation – Buds are small outgrowths present terminally on the stem or in the axil of leaves.
23. In plants, which one of these tissues is called dead tissue?
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Collenchyma
(c) Phloem
(d) Sclerenchyma
Ans. (d) Sclerenchyma
Explanation – Sclerenchyma is the dead mechanical tissue in plants.
24. Bark of which tree is used as a compliment?
(a) Clove
(b) Neem
(c) Cinnamon
(d) Palm
Ans. (c) Cinnamon
Explanation – An aromatic spice made from the peeled, dried, and rolled bark of a SE Asian tree.
25. Which is the protein fibre in the following given options?
(a) Nylon
(b) Silk
(c) Cotton
(d) Polyester
Ans. (b) Silk
Explanation – A natural fibre composed of protein. natural proteins fibre include wool, hair, fur, and silk.
26. The flavour of apples is mainly due to which one of the following?
(a) Ethanol
(b) Benzene
(c) Formalin
(d) Benzaldehyde
Ans. (a) Ethanol
Explanation – The flavour of apples is mainly due to the Ethanol.
27. By which mode do mushrooms get their nutrition?
(a) Parasitic
(b) Saprophytic mode
(c) Chemosynthetic
(d) Photosynthetic
Ans. (b) Saprophytic mode
Explanation – Mushrooms have a saprophytic mode of nutrition. This is the reason organisms like mushrooms nourish from dead and decomposing plant or animal matter.
28. What is the bond between two amino acids in a protein called?
(a) Peptide bond
(b) Glycosidic bond
(c) Ester bond
(d) Phosphodiester bond
Ans. (a) Peptide bond
Explanation – The bond between two amino acids in a protein is called a peptide bond.
29. A fertilized egg is known as a?
(a) Spore
(b) Zoospore
(c) Zygote
(d) None of these
Ans. (c) Zygote
Explanation – When a fertilized egg has been implanted in the uterus, the group of cells that will become a baby is called an embryo.
30. The form which part of the opium plant do we get morphine?
(a) Leaves
(b) Stem
(c) Bank
(d) Fruit coat
Ans. (d) Fruit coat
Explanation – The morphine is extracted from the opium latex reducing the bulk weight by 88%.
31. Which part of litchi fruit is eaten?
(a) Pericarp
(b) Endocarp
(c) Fleshy Aril
(d) Pericarp
Ans. (c) Fleshy Aril
Explanation – The edible litchi serving is aril. It is a fleshy part of the fruit, and it is available on the outer skin of the seeds.
32. Pollination by bats is called?
(a) Chiropterophily
(b) Zoophile
(c) Anemophily
(d) Entomophily
Ans. (a) Chiropterophily
Explanation – Chiropterophily.
33. Which of the following forms the basis of plant fibres?
(a) Proteins
(b) Oils
(c) Cellulose
(d) Fats
Ans. (c) Cellulose
Explanation – Cellulosic fibres are fibres made from cellulose ethers or esters which can be obtained from the bark, wood, plant leaves, or plant material.
34. Which part of a plant is clove?
(a) Root
(b) Flower buds
(c) Leaves
(d) Stem
Ans. (b) Flower buds
Explanation – The aromatic flower buds of the plant are known as cloves and are commonly used as a spice.
35. What is the Inflorescence of Wheat?
(a) Raceme
(b) Catkin
(c) Panicle
(d) Spike
Ans. (d) Spike
Explanation – Inflorescence of wheat is spike spikelet.
36. Which part of the plants are turnips?
(a) Root vegetable
(b) Underground stem
(c) Stem
(d) None of these
Ans. (a) Root vegetable
Explanation- The turnip is a root vegetable commonly grown in temperate climates worldwide for its white, fleshy taproot.
37. What is the eye of a potato called?
(a) Seed
(b) Axillary bud
(c) Adventitious root
(d) Apical buds
Ans. (b) Axillary bud
Explanation – The eye of the potato is the axillary bud.
38. What is the edible part of turmeric?
(a) Root
(b) Fruit
(c) Corm
(d) Rhizome
Ans. (d) Rhizome
Explanation- The edible part is the underground stem or rhizome.
39. Which plant has respiratory roots?
(a) Mangrove
(b) Maize
(c) Chestnut
(d) Betel
Ans. (a) Mangrove
Explanation – Breathing roots are respiratory roots found in halophytes such as mangroves.
40. Which vegetables have taproots?
(a) Brinjal
(b) Peanut
(c) Carrots
(d) Clove
Ans. (c) Carrots
Explanation – Taproot, the main root of a primary root system, growing vertically downward.
